Kidwelly Castle, South Wales

Perched high on the banks of the River Gwendraeth are the impressive remains of a stone castle on the site of some extensive 12th century earthworks. The earliest castle was probably an earth and timber 'ringwork', built in the first half of the 12th century when the town of Kidwelly was developed under Bishop Roger. As one of the many castles built along the southern coast of Wales during the Norman advances, it suffered much destruction on several occasions, in the ever-changing power struggles between the Welsh and English. It is even thought that, towards the end of the 12th century, the Welsh Lord Rhys was responsible for rebuilding Kidwelly Castle, having previously burnt the old one to the ground.

However, the strong, concentric structure seen today, still set within the D-shaped earthworks, was started in the middle of the 13th century. In 1298 Kidwelly Castle passed, by marriage, to Henry (Earl of Lancaster) and he was responsible for upgrading the accommodation, and building a new Hall and Chapel. Despite its deteriorated state the chapel, on the upper floor of the tower, is a fine feature of Kidwelly Castle and still contains a lovely double piscina and a sedilia.

During its 14th/15th century refurbishment, Kidwelly Castle was enhanced with strong curtain walls, round towers, battlements, and a powerful Gatehouse to protect the entrance. The Great Gatehouse, consisting of five levels, took over 100 years to complete, with the lead roof finally being put in place in 1422. By the end of the 15th century a large hall and range had also been added to the original buildings.

Through a succession of owners, each leaving their own distinct building styles and alterations, Kidwelly is a prime example of a castle that has developed gradually over three centuries. By the early 17th century, however, it was no longer used as a fortified residence of power, and consequently was hardly involved in the Civil War. Instead, it was then being employed as the judicial court. As a result of its substantial strengthening, and continuing repairs over the years, Kidwelly Castle has survived to become one of the best preserved 'in tact' castles in this area of Wales.

Today, the very imposing structure remains a dominant feature of the town, albeit from afar, as the modern town has left Kidwelly Castle very much on the outskirts. We thoroughly enjoyed our exploration of this fascinating castle, from the first moment we entered the massively powerful southern Gatehouse. There is so much to see, and most of it still accessible to the public - the large towers to climb, wallwalks from which to enjoy the marvellous views, and damp, dimly-lit dungeons to investigate at your leisure. Very pleasurable, and wonderfully atmospheric.